Trump advisers, meanwhile, have made a series of recommendations already that the Trump administration is expected to consider. President-elect Donald Trump has vowed to repeal Joe Biden's signature climate bill called the Inflation Reduction Act, which initially aimed at some USD 400 billion in new spending and tax cuts and credits at accelerating America's transition to a green energy economy.
The Congressional Budget Office expects the cost to swell above USD 800 billion due to higher-than-expected demand for the tax credits; much of the direct funding has already been spent.
Rescinding or revamping the bill, which was passed in August of 2022 without a single Republican vote, would likely require an act of Congress. Industry groups including utilities and some elected Republicans in Congress are pushing for clean energy credits and other provisions to be preserved, while the pharmaceutical industry is asking for tweaks.
Trump advisers, meanwhile, have made a series of recommendations already that the Trump administration is expected to consider. Here's how industries and consumers could be impacted.
Electric vehicles: under threat The IRA provided USD 14.2 billion in incentives for purchasing emissions-free vehicles, such as electric vehicles, with income limits, and for installing alternative fueling equipment. It also created USD 2.9 billion in loans and grants for hybrid, electric and hydrogen cars.
Trump advisers are recommending redirecting money now flowing to building charging stations and making EVs affordable into national-defense priorities.
Trump plans to kill the USD 7,500 consumer tax credit for electric vehicle purchase.
The IRA also established USD 2.9 billion in loans and grants for the production of hybrid, electric and hydrogen fueled cars.
The IRA provided USD 3 billion for zero-emission U.S. postal mail trucks. The Trump team is considering canceling contracts to electrify the fleet.
Clean fuel and emission standards The IRA allocated USD 13.2 billion to promote clean hydrogen production and created USD 8.6 billion in new credits for low-carbon car and airplane fuels, and extended credits for biodiesel and other renewable fuels.
Aviation officials fear the rollback of green jet fuel credits and the Biden administration has yet to finalize the rules for the credits and may not before Trump takes office on Januar 20.
Wind, solar, nuclear The IRA created USD 62.7 billion in new tax credits for emissions-free electricity sources and storage, including wind, solar, geothermal and advanced nuclear and extended USD 51.1 billion in existing tax credits for wind and solar power
It also created USD 30 billion in tax credits to help existing nuclear reactors from closing.
While Trump has expressed scepticism about wind and solar power, so far this part of the IRA has not been targeted with any specific recommendations. Jobs and economic benefits have been heavy in Republican-voting states, making serious changes unlikely.
Energy infrastructure The IRA included billions aimed at updating the U.S.'s overloaded power grid and getting new forms of energy online.
It spent USD 6.8 billion to update and expand lending programs aimed at boosting efficiency in energy generation and transmission, created USD 3.2 billion in tax credits for carbon capture and storage and provided USD 2.3 billion in loans and grants to finance electricity transmission, including for offshore wind energy generation.
Manufacturing The IRA creates USD 37 million in new incentives for companies to manufacture clean energy technologies in the U.S. rather than abroad, through tax credits and the Defense Production Act. The U.S. Treasury has included related industries
It also spent USD 5.3 billion to help reduce emissions from energy-intensive industries, such as concrete production.
Poor, Rural Communities The IRA creates a USD 20 billion "Green Bank" for energy investments, with a focus on poor and disadvantaged communities and spends USD 14.8 billion monitoring and reducing pollution, and in grants for disadvantaged neighborhoods.
It also includes USD 13.2 billion for investments in clean energy technology in rural areas.
Energy-Efficient buildings The IRA establishes USD 9 billion in rebates and grants for residential buildings and extends and increases USD 37 billion in tax credits for energy-efficient properties.
AGRICULTURAL FUNDING: UNDER THREAT The bill provides USD 16.7 billion in new funding for agricultural practices that improve soil carbon, reduce nitrogen losses and decrease emissions.
House Republicans have proposed rescinding USD 14.4 billion of this funding in a draft farm bill that would make the money available to a broader range of agriculture conservation practices.
Climate Resilience The bill provides USD 4.8 billion to help reduce risk of wildfires, USD 4.6 billion to combat droughts and USD 4.6 billion in investments in coastal areas and weather forecasting resources
It also spends USD 4.2 billion in federal research and funding for FEMA, DOE and Homeland Security.
